F major scale on ukulele

F · G · A · B♭ · C · D · E

The course explains what this page shows in Lesson 9 · One position.

The notes

  1. F1
  2. G2
  3. A3
  4. B♭4
  5. C5
  6. D6
  7. E7

The F major scale is F, G, A, B♭, C, D, E.

You may also see it called Ionian.

On the staff

FGAB♭CDEF

On a treble staff, the F major scale is written F G A B♭ C D E.

This is one octave of the F major scale, written on the treble clef. Guitar and bass music is written an octave higher than it sounds, and the small 8 under the clef is the sign for that.

Why the F major scale has this flat

  1. F1
  2. T
  3. G2
  4. T
  5. A3
  6. S
  7. B♭4
  8. T
  9. C5
  10. T
  11. D6
  12. T
  13. E7
  14. S
  15. F8

A scale is a pattern of steps, and this one is T T S T T T S: a tone, a tone, a semitone, and so on. S stands for a semitone, the distance of one fret or one key. T stands for a tone, which is two semitones. The pattern is what gives F major its sound, and it stays the same whichever note you start on.

The second rule is that a seven-note scale uses each letter name once, from A to G, so its seven notes take seven different letters. That is why F major is spelled the way it is, rather than with whichever accidental looks tidier.

Together, the two rules leave no room for choice. If you walk the pattern up from F, one letter cannot keep up:

  • B♭ — the fourth. The pattern needs a semitone from A, but A to B is only a tone, so B has to fall to B♭.

That accidental was not a choice. Once you pick the note to start on, the pattern decides the rest, and a key signature is a record of the result.

The F major scale is written with B♭, because the T T S T T T S pattern of steps cannot be spelled with plain letters from F.

The pattern of steps is the part of a scale that never changes. The letter names take sharps or flats to fit that pattern, and a key signature is a record of those sharps or flats.

On the piano

5C6D7E1F2G3AB5C6D7E1F2G3AB5C6D7E1F2G3AB5CC♯D♯F♯G♯4B♭C♯D♯F♯G♯4B♭C♯D♯F♯G♯4B♭C3C4C5C6

The keyboard shows the same seven notes as a shape you can see. The coloured keys are the F major scale, and you can click any key to hear it.

F major scale on the whole neck

GCEA123456789101112131415G2A3B♭4C5D6E7F1G2A3B♭4C5D6E7F1G2A3B♭4C5D6E7F1G2A3B♭4C5D6E7F1G2A3B♭4C5D6E7F1G2A3B♭4C5

39 notes of the F major scale are marked across four strings.

This is every place the notes of the F major scale fall on the ukulele, with each note's name and its scale degree. The roots are marked so you can find your bearings.

Position by position

Position 1 — starts on the 3
GCEA23456734567123456
Position 2 — starts on the 4
GCEA345678456712234567
Position 3 — starts on the 5
GCEA5678910567123345671
Position 4 — starts on the 6
GCEA78910111267123456712
Position 5 — starts on the 7
GCEA91011121314712345671234
Position 6 — starts on the 1
GCEA101112131415123456671234

The F major scale has six playable positions, at frets 2–6, 3–7, 5–9, 7–11, 9–13 and 10–14.

Each shape starts on a different degree of the scale and fits inside five frets, so your hand can play all of it without moving.

One climb up the neck

GCEA101112131415123456712345TAB101214101214121315121315

The climb runs from fret 10 to fret 15 and plays twelve notes.

This is one path from the lowest root to the top of the neck, and it plays each note once, never on two strings. It takes three notes on every string. The widest stretch on any one string is four frets.